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Five poems (quintet), Şeyh Gülşeni setting out with his disciples on a voyage, Walters Manuscript W.666, fol. 41a

This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript.

Paper roll with brown wax sealing

Illustration of paper roll with brown wax sealing - vector

Illuminated Manuscript Walters Art Museum Ms. W.559, fol. 3a

The incipit page from an illuminated codex of the Koran (Qur’an) with Persian interlinear translation, executed in 723 AH / 1323 CE by Mubārakshāh ibn Quṭb, one of the six pupils of the famed calligrapher Yāqūt al-Mustaʿṣimī (d. 698 AH / 1298 CE). See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=38669. The incipit page from an illuminated codex of the Koran (Qur’an) with Persian interlinear translation, executed in 723 AH / 1323 CE by Mubārakshāh ibn Quṭb, one of the six pupils of the famed calligrapher Yāqūt al-Mustaʿṣimī (d. 698 AH / 1298 CE). See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=38669

Postage stamp printed in Spain shows Spanish Art - Gerona Cathedral, Codices, Stamp Day serie, circa 1975

Postage stamp printed in Spain shows Spanish Art - Gerona Cathedral, Codices, Stamp Day serie, circa 1975

Seamless pattern with symbols from Aztec codices

Seamless pattern with symbols from Aztec codices

Illuminated Manuscript of Five Poems (Quintet), Walters Art Museum Ms. W.605, fol. 138a

An elegant copy of the "Quintet" (Khamsah) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) penned by Abū Bakr Shāh ibn Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Shahrastānī and illuminated by Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣiddīqī al-Iṣfahānī between 892 AH / 1486 CE and 900 AH / 1494-05 CE. The present codex, opening with a double-page decoration and the inscription giving the name of the author and the title of the work,contains four additional illuminated headpieces with the names of the individual books and 26 repainted miniatures. The page depicts Bahrām Gūr killing a dragon. An elegant copy of the "Quintet" (Khamsah) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) penned by Abū Bakr Shāh ibn Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Shahrastānī and illuminated by Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣiddīqī al-Iṣfahānī between 892 AH / 1486 CE and 900 AH / 1494-05 CE. The present codex, opening with a double-page decoration and the inscription giving the name of the author and the title of the work,contains four additional illuminated headpieces with the names of the individual books and 26 repainted miniatures. The page depicts Bahrām Gūr killing a dragon.

Illuminated Manuscript of Five Poems (Quintet), Walters Art Museum Ms. W.605, fol. 21b

An elegant copy of the "Quintet" (Khamsah) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) penned by Abū Bakr Shāh ibn Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Shahrastānī and illuminated by Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣiddīqī al-Iṣfahānī between 892 AH / 1486 CE and 900 AH / 1494-05 CE. The present codex, opening with a double-page decoration and the inscription giving the name of the author and the title of the work,contains four additional illuminated headpieces with the names of the individual books and 26 repainted miniatures. The page depicts King Nūshirvān hunting with Dastūr his vizier. An elegant copy of the "Quintet" (Khamsah) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) penned by Abū Bakr Shāh ibn Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Shahrastānī and illuminated by Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣiddīqī al-Iṣfahānī between 892 AH / 1486 CE and 900 AH / 1494-05 CE. The present codex, opening with a double-page decoration and the inscription giving the name of the author and the title of the work,contains four additional illuminated headpieces with the names of the individual books and 26 repainted miniatures. The page depicts King Nūshirvān hunting with Dastūr his vizier.

Cordyceps sinensis

Cordyceps sinensis

Illuminated Manuscript Anthology of Persian poetry, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.653, fol. 17a

This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as JÄmÄ«, AzÄrÄ«, FayzÌ¤Ä«, NavÄÊ¾Ä«, and SaÊ¿dÄ« was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The page represents a seated young man reading from a book of Persian poetry. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402. This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as JÄmÄ«, AzÄrÄ«, FayzÌ¤Ä«, NavÄÊ¾Ä«, and SaÊ¿dÄ« was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The page represents a seated young man reading from a book of Persian poetry. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402

Monochrome icon with symbols from Aztec codices

Collection of poems (masnavi), Walters Art Museum Ms. W.625, fol. 1a

Medallion filled with gilt. Leaf from an elegantly calligraphed and illuminated copy of the collection of poems, known as Mas̱navī-i maʿnavī, by Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī (d.672 AH / 1273 CE). This codex was penned by Aḥmad ibn Ḥājjī Abī Bakr al-Kātib in 865 AH / 1461 CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=22125. Medallion filled with gilt. Leaf from an elegantly calligraphed and illuminated copy of the collection of poems, known as Mas̱navī-i maʿnavī, by Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī (d.672 AH / 1273 CE). This codex was penned by Aḥmad ibn Ḥājjī Abī Bakr al-Kātib in 865 AH / 1461 CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=22125

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 58a

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures.Khusraw trying to fend off an attacking lion See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures.Khusraw trying to fend off an attacking lion See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Monochrome icon with symbol from Aztec codices

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.562, fol. 13a

A leaf from an elegantly calligraphed and illuminated large codex containing a part of the Qur'an with the suras 78 through 114 and executed probably in Iran in the 9th AH / 15th CE century. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=40834. A leaf from an elegantly calligraphed and illuminated large codex containing a part of the Qur'an with the suras 78 through 114 and executed probably in Iran in the 9th AH / 15th CE century. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=40834

Monochrome icon with symbols from Aztec codices

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 338b

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures.The folio represents Iskandar fighting the Russian warrior. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures.The folio represents Iskandar fighting the Russian warrior. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Five poems (quintet), Ottoman Turks fighting the Polish army, Walters Manuscript W.666, fol. 6a

This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript.

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 238b

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Bahrām Gūr in the sandal wood-colored pavilion. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Bahrām Gūr in the sandal wood-colored pavilion. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Ingredient used in Traditional Chinese Medicine is

Ingredient used in Traditional Chinese Medicine is

monochrome icon with symbol from Aztec codices

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 320a

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. The folio represents Iskandar hunting deer (smudged). See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. The folio represents Iskandar hunting deer (smudged). See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Illuminated Manuscript Anthology of Persian poetry, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.653, fol. 8b

This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as Jāmī, Azārī, Fayz̤ī, Navāʾī, and Saʿdī was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The folio represents a seated man. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402. This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as Jāmī, Azārī, Fayz̤ī, Navāʾī, and Saʿdī was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The folio represents a seated man. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 49a

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Shīrīn bathing in a fountain with Khusraw looking on. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Shīrīn bathing in a fountain with Khusraw looking on. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, The right side of a double-page opening inscribed with verses of the first chapter (Sūrat al-

An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. The right side of a double-page opening decoration containing the text of the first chapter (Sūrat al-fātiḥah) inscribed in the center medallion in gold muḥaqqaq script on a blue background. An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. The right side of a double-page opening decoration containing the text of the first chapter (Sūrat al-fātiḥah) inscribed in the center medallion in gold muḥaqqaq script on a blue background.

Illuminated Manuscript Map of Sardina from Book of Navigation, Walters Art Museum, Ms. W.658, fol. 226b

Originally composed in 932 AH / 1525 CE and dedicated to Sultan Süleyman I ("The Magnificent"), this great work by Piri Reis (d. 962 AH / 1555 CE) on navigation was later revised and expanded. The present manuscript, made mostly in the late 11th AH / 17th CE century, is based on the later expanded version with some 240 exquisitely executed maps and portolan charts. They include a world map (fol.41a) with the outline of the Americas, as well as coastlines (bays, capes, peninsulas), islands, mountains and cities of the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. The work starts with the description of the coastline of Anatolia and the islands of the Aegean Sea, the Peloponnese peninsula and eastern and western coasts of the Adriatic Sea. It then proceeds to describe the western shores of Italy, southern France, Spain, North Africa, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, western Anatolia, various islands north of Crete, Sea of Marmara, Bosporus and the Black Sea. It ends with a map of the shores of the the Caspian Sea (fol.374a). This leaf is a map of Sardinia. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19195. Originally composed in 932 AH / 1525 CE and dedicated to Sultan Süleyman I ("The Magnificent"), this great work by Piri Reis (d. 962 AH / 1555 CE) on navigation was later revised and expanded. The present manuscript, made mostly in the late 11th AH / 17th CE century, is based on the later expanded version with some 240 exquisitely executed maps and portolan charts. They include a world map (fol.41a) with the outline of the Americas, as well as coastlines (bays, capes, peninsulas), islands, mountains and cities of the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. The work starts with the description of the coastline of Anatolia and the islands of the Aegean Sea, the Peloponnese peninsula and eastern and western coasts of the Adriatic Sea. It then proceeds to describe the western shores of Italy, southern France, Spain, North Africa, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, western Anatolia, various islands north of Crete, Sea of Marmara, Bosporus and the Black Sea. It ends with a map of the shores of the the Caspian Sea (fol.374a). This leaf is a map of Sardinia. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19195

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 78b

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Shīrin coming on horseback to watch Farhād digging a canal for a stream of milk. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Shīrin coming on horseback to watch Farhād digging a canal for a stream of milk. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Five poems (quintet), Ottoman fleet, Walters Manuscript W.666, fol. 5a

This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This illustration depicts the Ottoman fleet, led by Hüseyn Paşa, setting out from the Black Sea against the Polish army. This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This illustration depicts the Ottoman fleet, led by Hüseyn Paşa, setting out from the Black Sea against the Polish army.

Monochrome icon with symbols from Aztec codices

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.553, fol.5a

This horizontal-format manuscript on parchment is an illuminated fragment of the Qur'an, containing portions of chapters 4 (Sūrat al-nisāʾ), 6 (Sūrat al-anʿām), 7 (Sūrat al-aʿrāf), and 10 (Sūrat Yūnus). The fragment probably dates to the third century AH / ninth CE. The text is written in an Early Abbasid (Kufic) script in dark brown ink and vocalized with red and green dots. Verse markers in the shape of a stylized letter hā' and rosettes indicate groups of five and ten verses. The text is framed by later red, blue, and gold framing lines and a polychrome and gold floral border. The black blind-tooled leather binding with central lobed, pointed oval and pendants is attributable to the thirteenth century AH / nineteenth CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Museum Website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=3124. This horizontal-format manuscript on parchment is an illuminated fragment of the Qur'an, containing portions of chapters 4 (Sūrat al-nisāʾ), 6 (Sūrat al-anʿām), 7 (Sūrat al-aʿrāf), and 10 (Sūrat Yūnus). The fragment probably dates to the third century AH / ninth CE. The text is written in an Early Abbasid (Kufic) script in dark brown ink and vocalized with red and green dots. Verse markers in the shape of a stylized letter hā' and rosettes indicate groups of five and ten verses. The text is framed by later red, blue, and gold framing lines and a polychrome and gold floral border. The black blind-tooled leather binding with central lobed, pointed oval and pendants is attributable to the thirteenth century AH / nineteenth CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Museum Website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=3124

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, Illuminated page with the verses from the end of chapter 17 ( Sūrat Banī Isrāʾīl), Wa

An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. Beautifully illuminated page with verses from the end of chapter 17 ( Sūrat Banī Isrāʾīl) inscribed in the centerpiece in white muḥaqqaq script. An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. Beautifully illuminated page with verses from the end of chapter 17 ( Sūrat Banī Isrāʾīl) inscribed in the centerpiece in white muḥaqqaq script.

Illuminated Manuscript Anthology of Persian poetry, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.653, fol. 19b

This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as Jāmī, Azārī, Fayz̤ī, Navāʾī, and Saʿdī was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The folio illustrates a young man standing with a pomegranate in his right hand. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402. This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as Jāmī, Azārī, Fayz̤ī, Navāʾī, and Saʿdī was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The folio illustrates a young man standing with a pomegranate in his right hand. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402

The city of Constantinople (Qusṭanṭinīyah), from Book on Navigation, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.658, fol.370b

See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19195. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19195

Cordyceps sinensis

Cordyceps sinensis

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, Illuminated incipit page with headpiece inscribed with the chapter heading for Sūrat Maryam, Walte

A fragment of the Koran (Qur'an) covering the chapters 19 (Mariam) through 23 ( al-Muʾminūn) written on Italian paper in a large Maghribi script, with vocalization in red ink, in the 12th AH / 18th CE century. Shown here is the illuminated incipit page with a headpiece carrying the chapter heading (Maryam) in a decorative New Abbasid Style ('broken cursive') in the central medallion in gold. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=38427. A fragment of the Koran (Qur'an) covering the chapters 19 (Mariam) through 23 ( al-Muʾminūn) written on Italian paper in a large Maghribi script, with vocalization in red ink, in the 12th AH / 18th CE century. Shown here is the illuminated incipit page with a headpiece carrying the chapter heading (Maryam) in a decorative New Abbasid Style ('broken cursive') in the central medallion in gold. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=38427

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 2a

The second half of a beautifully illuminated double-page decoration containing two small medallions with inscription in white on blue background giving the name of the illuminator. The second half of a beautifully illuminated double-page decoration containing two small medallions with inscription in white on blue background giving the name of the illuminator.

Illuminated Manuscript Anthology of Persian poetry, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.653, fol. 32a

This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as Jāmī, Azārī, Fayz̤ī, Navāʾī, and Saʿdī was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The page represents two goats in combat (facing off). See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402. This small anthology of Persian poetry consisting of poems by such authors as Jāmī, Azārī, Fayz̤ī, Navāʾī, and Saʿdī was put together by an anonymous scribe in 1105 AH / 1693 CE. Illustrated with six miniatures, the margins of this manuscript are embellished with stenciled designs of angels, men and animals. The page represents two goats in combat (facing off). See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19402

Illuminated Manuscript Walters Art Museum Ms. W.554, fol. 36a

This horizontal-format manuscript on parchment is a collection of illuminated fragments of the Qur'an, dating to the late third century AH / ninth CE and possibly to the fifth century AH / eleventh CE. The earlier text is written in an Early Abbasid (Kufic) script, and the later text is in a hand influenced by the New Abbasid (broken cursive) style. Both are in dark brown ink and vocalized with red dots. The codex opens with an illuminated frontispiece (fol. 1a) of geometric design and closes with a similarly decorated finispiece (fol. 77b). Illuminated forms include chapter headings in gold ink with polychrome palmettes extending into the margin, tashdīds highlighted in gold ink, and verse markers for individual verses and groups of five and ten verses. The blind-tooled black goatskin binding, which is attributable to Egypt, is an important example of early Islamic bookbinding. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=31211. This horizontal-format manuscript on parchment is a collection of illuminated fragments of the Qur'an, dating to the late third century AH / ninth CE and possibly to the fifth century AH / eleventh CE. The earlier text is written in an Early Abbasid (Kufic) script, and the later text is in a hand influenced by the New Abbasid (broken cursive) style. Both are in dark brown ink and vocalized with red dots. The codex opens with an illuminated frontispiece (fol. 1a) of geometric design and closes with a similarly decorated finispiece (fol. 77b). Illuminated forms include chapter headings in gold ink with polychrome palmettes extending into the margin, tashdīds highlighted in gold ink, and verse markers for individual verses and groups of five and ten verses. The blind-tooled black goatskin binding, which is attributable to Egypt, is an important example of early Islamic bookbinding. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=31211

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 167a

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Laylá and Majnūn fainting at the sight of each other. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Laylá and Majnūn fainting at the sight of each other. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 17a

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. An old woman complaining to Sultan Sanjar about a questionable behavior of his policeman. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. An old woman complaining to Sultan Sanjar about a questionable behavior of his policeman. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.552, fol. 2a

This horizontal-format manuscript on parchment is an illuminated fragment of the Qur'an, covering chapter 6 (Sūrat al-anʿām), the end of verse 54, through chapter 9 (Sūrat al-tawbah), verse 79. The fragment probably dates to the third century AH / ninth CE. The text is written in an Early Abbasid (Kufic) script in dark brown ink and vocalized with red dots. Chapter headings are in gold ink, and verse markers in the shape of a stylized letter hā' and rosettes with colored dots indicate groups of five and ten verses. The green goatskin binding with gold-painted central floral design and cornerpieces is thirteenth century AH / nineteenth CE or later. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Museum Website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=1528. This horizontal-format manuscript on parchment is an illuminated fragment of the Qur'an, covering chapter 6 (Sūrat al-anʿām), the end of verse 54, through chapter 9 (Sūrat al-tawbah), verse 79. The fragment probably dates to the third century AH / ninth CE. The text is written in an Early Abbasid (Kufic) script in dark brown ink and vocalized with red dots. Chapter headings are in gold ink, and verse markers in the shape of a stylized letter hā' and rosettes with colored dots indicate groups of five and ten verses. The green goatskin binding with gold-painted central floral design and cornerpieces is thirteenth century AH / nineteenth CE or later. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Museum Website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=1528

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 132b

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Laylá and Majnūn at school. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Laylá and Majnūn at school. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

monochrome icon with symbol from Aztec codices

Monochrome icon with symbol from Aztec codices

Set of monochrome icons with symbols from Aztec codices

Set of monochrome icons with symbols from Aztec codices

Five poems (quintet), An imam who put ink, rather than rosewater, on his face, Walters Manuscript W.666, fol. 48a

This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript.

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 185b

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Illuminated headpiece with the inscription in white ink on blue background giving the title of the book Kitāb-i Haft paykar. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Illuminated headpiece with the inscription in white ink on blue background giving the title of the book Kitāb-i Haft paykar. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Illuminated Manuscript Baburnamah, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.596, fol. 7a

In this leaf Babur and his men stop for the night before crossing the Indus river on their way to Hindustan See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=1759 Written originally in Chaghatay Turkish and later translated into Persian, Bāburnāmah is the story of a Timurid ruler of Fergana (Central Asia), Ẓahīr al-Dīn Muḥammad Bābur (866 AH /1483 CE - 937 AH / 1530 CE), who conquered northern India and established the Mughal Empire. The present codex, being a fragment of a dispersed copy, was executed most probably in the late 10th AH /16th CE century. It contains 30 mostly full-page miniatures in fine Mughal style by at least two different artists. Another major fragment of this work (57 folios) is in the State Museum of Eastern Cultures, Moscow. In this leaf Babur and his men stop for the night before crossing the Indus river on their way to Hindustan See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=1759 Written originally in Chaghatay Turkish and later translated into Persian, Bāburnāmah is the story of a Timurid ruler of Fergana (Central Asia), Ẓahīr al-Dīn Muḥammad Bābur (866 AH /1483 CE - 937 AH / 1530 CE), who conquered northern India and established the Mughal Empire. The present codex, being a fragment of a dispersed copy, was executed most probably in the late 10th AH /16th CE century. It contains 30 mostly full-page miniatures in fine Mughal style by at least two different artists. Another major fragment of this work (57 folios) is in the State Museum of Eastern Cultures, Moscow.

Illuminated Manuscript of Two works on Precious Stones, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.589, fol. 33b

A codex containing two short works on precious stones ascribed to Jamāl al-Dīn al-Tifāshī and Aristotle respectively. The piece attributed to Aristotle, the beginning of which you see here, is likely to be a short paraphrase of or an extract from his Liber mineralium (or Lapidarius). This anonymous copy was penned in 989 AH / 1581 CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=33834. A codex containing two short works on precious stones ascribed to Jamāl al-Dīn al-Tifāshī and Aristotle respectively. The piece attributed to Aristotle, the beginning of which you see here, is likely to be a short paraphrase of or an extract from his Liber mineralium (or Lapidarius). This anonymous copy was penned in 989 AH / 1581 CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=33834

Monochrome icon with symbols from Aztec codices

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 232a

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Bahrām Gūr in the blue pavilion. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Bahrām Gūr in the blue pavilion. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, Decorated incipit page with a headpiece introducing chapter 18, Sūrat al-kahf, Walters Art Museum

An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. This is a decorated incipit page with illuminated headpiece introducing chapter 18, Sūrat al-kahf. An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. This is a decorated incipit page with illuminated headpiece introducing chapter 18, Sūrat al-kahf.

Five poems (quintet), View of the Bosphorus Strait, Walters Manuscript W.666, fol. 10a

This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript.

Cordyceps sinensis

Cordyceps sinensis

Manuscript Book on Logic, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.591, fol. 78a

The present work is a supergloss on the gloss (ḥāshiyah) by al-Sayyid al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī (d.816 AH / 1413 CE) on the Lawāmiʿ al-asrār by Qutb al-Dīn al-Taḥtānī al-Rāzī (d.766 AH / 1364 CE), being in turn a commentary on a book of logic entitled Maṭāliʿ al-anwār by Sirāj al-Dīn Maḥmūd al-Urmawī (d.682 AH / 1283 CE). Written for the library of the Ottoman Sultan Selim I, it was executed in Bursa in 918 AH / 1512 CE, the year of his accession to the throne. It is very likely that the scribe is also the author of this work. This folio contains the end of the text and the colophon. Virtually turn the pages of this manuscript on Walters Ex Libris: manuscripts.thewalters.org/viewer.php?id=W.591#page/176/m. The present work is a supergloss on the gloss (ḥāshiyah) by al-Sayyid al-Sharīf al-Jurjānī (d.816 AH / 1413 CE) on the Lawāmiʿ al-asrār by Qutb al-Dīn al-Taḥtānī al-Rāzī (d.766 AH / 1364 CE), being in turn a commentary on a book of logic entitled Maṭāliʿ al-anwār by Sirāj al-Dīn Maḥmūd al-Urmawī (d.682 AH / 1283 CE). Written for the library of the Ottoman Sultan Selim I, it was executed in Bursa in 918 AH / 1512 CE, the year of his accession to the throne. It is very likely that the scribe is also the author of this work. This folio contains the end of the text and the colophon. Virtually turn the pages of this manuscript on Walters Ex Libris: manuscripts.thewalters.org/viewer.php?id=W.591#page/176/m...

Illuminated Manuscript Map of Cairo, from Book on Navigation, Walters Ms. W.658, fol. 305b

Originally composed in 932 AH / 1525 CE and dedicated to Sultan Süleyman I ("The Magnificent"), this great work by Piri Reis (d. 962 AH / 1555 CE) on navigation was later revised and expanded. The present manuscript, made mostly in the late 11th AH / 17th CE century, is based on the later expanded version with some 240 exquisitely executed maps and portolan charts. They include a world map (fol.41a) with the outline of the Americas, as well as coastlines (bays, capes, peninsulas), islands, mountains and cities of the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. The work starts with the description of the coastline of Anatolia and the islands of the Aegean Sea, the Peloponnese peninsula and eastern and western coasts of the Adriatic Sea. It then proceeds to describe the western shores of Italy, southern France, Spain, North Africa, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, western Anatolia, various islands north of Crete, Sea of Marmara, Bosporus and the Black Sea. It ends with a map of the shores of the the Caspian Sea (fol.374a). This is a view of Cairo. This image was created and is provided through a Preservation and Access grant awarded to The Walters Art Museum by the National Endowment for the Humanities, 2008-2010. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19195. Originally composed in 932 AH / 1525 CE and dedicated to Sultan Süleyman I ("The Magnificent"), this great work by Piri Reis (d. 962 AH / 1555 CE) on navigation was later revised and expanded. The present manuscript, made mostly in the late 11th AH / 17th CE century, is based on the later expanded version with some 240 exquisitely executed maps and portolan charts. They include a world map (fol.41a) with the outline of the Americas, as well as coastlines (bays, capes, peninsulas), islands, mountains and cities of the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. The work starts with the description of the coastline of Anatolia and the islands of the Aegean Sea, the Peloponnese peninsula and eastern and western coasts of the Adriatic Sea. It then proceeds to describe the western shores of Italy, southern France, Spain, North Africa, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, western Anatolia, various islands north of Crete, Sea of Marmara, Bosporus and the Black Sea. It ends with a map of the shores of the the Caspian Sea (fol.374a). This is a view of Cairo. This image was created and is provided through a Preservation and Access grant awarded to The Walters Art Museum by the National Endowment for the Humanities, 2008-2010. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=19195

Illuminated Manuscript of Collection of prayers for the Prophet Muhammad, The right side of a double page composition featuring t

This is a leaf from anelegantly penned and illuminated copy of the well-known collection of prayers for the prophet Muhammad entitled Dalāʾil al-khayrāt and composed by Muḥammad al-Jazūlī (d.877 AH / 1472 CE). Written on paper in Turkish naskh script, this prayer book was probably made in the 11th AH / 17th CE century. It contains an illustration featuring the mosque compound in Medina with the tombs of Muhammad, Abū Bakr and ʿUma See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=30971. This is a leaf from anelegantly penned and illuminated copy of the well-known collection of prayers for the prophet Muhammad entitled Dalāʾil al-khayrāt and composed by Muḥammad al-Jazūlī (d.877 AH / 1472 CE). Written on paper in Turkish naskh script, this prayer book was probably made in the 11th AH / 17th CE century. It contains an illustration featuring the mosque compound in Medina with the tombs of Muhammad, Abū Bakr and ʿUma See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=30971

Illuminated Manuscript of the Baburnamah, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.596, fol. 28b

Written originally in Chaghatay Turkish and later translated into Persian, Bāburnāmah is the story of a Timurid ruler of Fergana (Central Asia), Ẓahīr al-Dīn Muḥammad Bābur (866 AH /1483 CE - 937 AH / 1530 CE), who conquered northern India and established the Mughal Empire. The present codex, being a fragment of a dispersed copy, was executed most probably in the late 10th AH /16th CE century. It contains 30 mostly full-page miniatures in fine Mughal style by at least two different artists. Another major fragment of this work (57 folios) is in the State Museum of Eastern Cultures, Moscow. Shown here are the date trees of Hindustan See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=1759. Written originally in Chaghatay Turkish and later translated into Persian, Bāburnāmah is the story of a Timurid ruler of Fergana (Central Asia), Ẓahīr al-Dīn Muḥammad Bābur (866 AH /1483 CE - 937 AH / 1530 CE), who conquered northern India and established the Mughal Empire. The present codex, being a fragment of a dispersed copy, was executed most probably in the late 10th AH /16th CE century. It contains 30 mostly full-page miniatures in fine Mughal style by at least two different artists. Another major fragment of this work (57 folios) is in the State Museum of Eastern Cultures, Moscow. Shown here are the date trees of Hindustan See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=1759

Five poems (quintet), The poet ʿAṭāʾī reading from his book (Ḫamse) to his master, Walters Manuscript

This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript.

Burning and melting, Bride with mourners carrying the bridegroom's coffin, Walters Manuscript W.649, fol. 14a

Overcome with grief, the young Hindu woman accompanies her bridegroom’s coffin to the funeral pyre and decides to commit sati (self-immolation). An elegantly calligraphed, illuminated and illustrated copy of the poem Sūz va gudāz ('Burning and melting') by Nawʿī Khabūshānī (d.1019 AH /1610 CE) which recounts the love story of a Hindu girl who decides to burn herself on the pyre of her betrothed killed accidentally just before their marriage. Here the young man's coffin is being carried in the presence of his bride-to-be. The present codex was penned by Ibn Sayyid Murād al-Ḥusaynī and illustrated by Muḥammad ʿAlī Mashhadī in 1068 AH / 1657 CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=30391. Overcome with grief, the young Hindu woman accompanies her bridegroom’s coffin to the funeral pyre and decides to commit sati (self-immolation). An elegantly calligraphed, illuminated and illustrated copy of the poem Sūz va gudāz ('Burning and melting') by Nawʿī Khabūshānī (d.1019 AH /1610 CE) which recounts the love story of a Hindu girl who decides to burn herself on the pyre of her betrothed killed accidentally just before their marriage. Here the young man's coffin is being carried in the presence of his bride-to-be. The present codex was penned by Ibn Sayyid Murād al-Ḥusaynī and illustrated by Muḥammad ʿAlī Mashhadī in 1068 AH / 1657 CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=30391

Five poems (quintet), Battle between the Ottoman and Hungarian armies, Walters Manuscript W.666, fol. 27a

This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript. This is an illuminated and illustrated copy of the Ḫamse (quintet) of the Ottoman Turkish poet and scholar ʿAṭāʾullāh bin Yaḥyá ʿAṭāʾī (d. 1044 AH / 1634 CE). Although different in content, this work takes its inspiration from the famous Persian Khamsah of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d. 605 AH / 1209 CE) and the Khamsah of Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī (d. 725 AH / 1325 CE). This Ottoman copy of ʿAṭāʾī's work ends with a portion of his Dīvān (fols. 142b-151b) instead of the fifth poem (mesnevi), Ḥilyet ül-efkār. The text, written in nastaʿlīq script, was copied by Ḫeyrullah Ḫeyrī Çāvuşzade in 1133 AH / 1721 CE. There are thirty-eight illustrations, and illuminated incipits introduce the different poems (fols. 1b, 22b, 63b, 107b, and 142b). The brown leather binding is original to the manuscript.

Illuminated Manuscript Turkish version of Sindbadnama, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.662, fol. 52b

The prince hunting. Leaf from an Ottoman Turkish version of the well-known story of Sindbad (Sindbādnāmah) made from the Persian by ʿAbdülkerīm bin Muḥammed during the reign of Sultan Sulayman (Soliman) (reg.926 AH / 1520 CE - 974 AH / 1566 CE) and entitled Tuḥfet ül-aḫyār. This anonymous copy contains six illustrations made in the 10th century AH /16th CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=35391. The prince hunting. Leaf from an Ottoman Turkish version of the well-known story of Sindbad (Sindbādnāmah) made from the Persian by ʿAbdülkerīm bin Muḥammed during the reign of Sultan Sulayman (Soliman) (reg.926 AH / 1520 CE - 974 AH / 1566 CE) and entitled Tuḥfet ül-aḫyār. This anonymous copy contains six illustrations made in the 10th century AH /16th CE. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=35391

Illuminated Manuscript Koran, The left side of a double-page illuminated frontispiece, Walters Art Museum Ms. W.569, fol. 2a

An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. The left side of a double-page illuminated frontispiece with inscriptions in gold tawqīʿ. An illuminated large size copy of the Koran (Qur'an) produced in the 11th century AH / 17th CE in Iran. Apart from using a number of scripts, such as naskh, muḥaqqaq and tawqīʿ, this codex features six pairs of decorated pages, two illuminated headpieces, as well as illuminated chapter headings, cloud-bands, and marginal decoration. The black morocco binding has a central piece in the form of a diamond with pendants on four sides. The inner covers, having a traditional dentelle decoration, features text from the "the verse of the throne" (āyat al-kursī), which is inscribed in the outer frame. The left side of a double-page illuminated frontispiece with inscriptions in gold tawqīʿ

Illuminated Manuscript Khamsa, Walters Art Museum Ms. 609, fol. 33b

An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Illuminated headpiece with the inscription in white ink on blue background giving the title of the book Kitāb-i Khusraw va Shīrīn. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272. An elegantly illuminated and illustrated copy of the Khamsah (quintet) of Niẓāmī Ganjavī (d.605 AH / 1209 CE) executed by Yār Muḥammad al-Haravī in 922 AH / 1516 CE. Written in four columns in black nastaʿlīq script, this manuscripts opens with a double-page decorative composition signed by ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn ʿAlī, of which this is one side. It contains 35 miniatures. Illuminated headpiece with the inscription in white ink on blue background giving the title of the book Kitāb-i Khusraw va Shīrīn. See this manuscript page by page at the Walters Art Museum website: art.thewalters.org/viewwoa.aspx?id=21272

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